Channel Selection of Closed-Loop Supply Chain for Scrapped Agricultural Machines Remanufacturing

Along with economic development and technological innovation, rapid expansion of agricultural machinery has sparked widespread concern. In particular, the superiority scrapped recycling remanufacturing in improving environmental sustainability, benefits, carbon emission reduction garnered public attention. Based on this reality, study constructs models for five different channels according to actors involved recovery, dismantling, remanufacturing. Each model’s equilibrium is determined by mathematical deduction. The applicable condition each model influence multiple factors are analyzed. results indicate following: (i) no single channel definitely superior others, have their own conditions that influenced transfer payments, supply chain cooperation, prices, demand; (ii) cooperative scenarios more conducive attracting third-party enterprises participate increase revenue; (iii) rise recovery prices may lead divergence among parties selection; (iv) oversupply requires government subsidies maintain